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Sunday, December 28, 2008
Tuesday, December 23, 2008
A computer is a machine
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (1940–1945), although the computer concept and various machines similar to computers existed earlier. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PC).[1] Modern computers are based on tiny integrated circuits and are millions to billions of times more capable while occupying a fraction of the space.[2] Today, simple computers may be made small enough to fit into a wristwatch and be powered from a watch battery. Personal computers, in various forms, are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "a computer"; however, the most common form of computer in use today is the embedded computer. Embedded computers are small, simple devices that are used to control other devices — for example, they may be found in machines ranging from fighter aircraft to industrial robots, digital cameras, and children's toys. The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile and distinguishes them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore, computers with capability and complexity ranging from that of a personal digital assistant to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks given enough time and storage capacity.
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Wednesday, December 17, 2008
APPROPRIATE CHOICE COMPUTER NEEDS
Even when any one day we hear the term IT (Information Technology), sometimes difficult to imagine in-depth and comprehensive. On the one hand, we understand, it can create jobs faster, more efficient, more cost-efficient, and a better life. But, imagine how otherwise? IT makes life more complicated, waste of funds, and spend your time? Trend that is popular, many companies race to race funds for the implementation of IT. In fact, there are of them claim can increase the value of selling their shares in the company's stock market. Almost all given the supplement with a tribe of the word "e".
We always know what and how that should be good. However, this is the most difficult to do so. The biggest challenges in the implementation of IT in the country's culture is and how we work. Have a system that better know how to run it without the right is useless. Of course it is very helpful if not only as trends, but more emphasis on how users can use the maximum.
Brands or Assembled
Talking about it will not be detached from a device called a server. In the computer environment, it is always so contentious sengitnya. For example, see the arguments against the nation surealis Mac users or PC users of Linux and Windows. And, one of which is quite often debated is to choose a computer brand (branded) or assembled computers, is no exception in the server problem.
The tendency to think that the server branded better than the server is not properly assembled. Various servers that are marketed by leading brands generally have the same with those found in the market. This business model we know the term OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturing). If sharp enough, then you can build the server component with the same or better. From the price of the server has assembled advantages and flexibility in selecting the desired specifications.
Many of the server that is used is the dominant server-based PC that was developed based on the architecture of the IBM PC. The popularity of PC-based servers this is not the widespread support from industry and architecture that is open. By adopting the standard hardware, server-based PC has a low production cost. The development of technology-based processor that Intel recently reached a remarkable speed, the perpetrator has been encouraging IT to select an alternative server-based PC. While the views of the performance and price, the PC server has to be constantly various RISC-based servers.
Build a server assembled on a job that is not difficult. What is needed is the knowledge that both the quality of the brand components
outstanding in the market. Servers typically have a work load that is more severe than normal computer, and generally working continuously 24 hours so that the components that must have held a higher reliability. Interference in the activity can lead to a server in the network disrupted or even stopped. Usually, we call down-time. Level-down time, this will affect productivity and performance of the company.
Choosing the server does not need to make our technophobia. You do not need to use a 3.0 GHz processor speed only to an e-mail server that serves 20 people. Consideration in a server must be based on the needs of computing, and is usually based on the operating system and applications that are used, broad network, and the number of users in it. Finally of course we fund. A server is an ideal that is running the operating system that is used in an efficient and stable.
The tendency to think that the server branded better than the server is not properly assembled. Various servers that are marketed by leading brands generally have the same with those found in the market. This business model we know the term OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturing). If sharp enough, then you can build the server component with the same or better. From the price of the server has assembled advantages and flexibility in selecting the desired specifications.
Many of the server that is used is the dominant server-based PC that was developed based on the architecture of the IBM PC. The popularity of PC-based servers this is not the widespread support from industry and architecture that is open. By adopting the standard hardware, server-based PC has a low production cost. The development of technology-based processor that Intel recently reached a remarkable speed, the perpetrator has been encouraging IT to select an alternative server-based PC. While the views of the performance and price, the PC server has to be constantly various RISC-based servers.
Build a server assembled on a job that is not difficult. What is needed is the knowledge that both the quality of the brand components
outstanding in the market. Servers typically have a work load that is more severe than normal computer, and generally working continuously 24 hours so that the components that must have held a higher reliability. Interference in the activity can lead to a server in the network disrupted or even stopped. Usually, we call down-time. Level-down time, this will affect productivity and performance of the company.
Choosing the server does not need to make our technophobia. You do not need to use a 3.0 GHz processor speed only to an e-mail server that serves 20 people. Consideration in a server must be based on the needs of computing, and is usually based on the operating system and applications that are used, broad network, and the number of users in it. Finally of course we fund. A server is an ideal that is running the operating system that is used in an efficient and stable.
Selecting a Processor
Server-based Pentium III Tualatin 512 kb L2 cache is still the model that most found at this time. Of the Pentium III, which we know is the Pentium 4. At the entry application server, the Pentium 4 processor is widely used. In addition, we will see Xeon processor. Xeon processor is a variant of the Pentium 4. In general the second processor has the same core. Only the Xeon processor, Intel added the ability Multiprocessing and socket design with a different number of 603 pins.
Pentium 4 can only run on the system berprosesor single. If you currently planning to buy a new server, the latest generation of Intel processor you can make the main consideration, given the anticipated price and up-grade the processor speed is higher. Pentium III reached the speed of the price and there is no significant difference between them.
In addition to the processor from Intel, AMD is currently also trying to enter the land business server with AMD processors launched AthlonMP. This product is enough to get a positive response from the market because it has a very good performance and an affordable price. AMD processors have the performance that aligns with the Intel processor production, even superior in applications that require computing-point threshold.
Issues on the sloping problems on the compatibility of AMD processors are no longer only for that familiar with Intel processors, heat generated by the AMD processor made it quite surprising. In the implementation of the many things that ideal. However, limited funds can bring a lot of alternatives. You can build a server and a good match, even with the Celeron processor configuration or AMD Duron.
Pentium 4 can only run on the system berprosesor single. If you currently planning to buy a new server, the latest generation of Intel processor you can make the main consideration, given the anticipated price and up-grade the processor speed is higher. Pentium III reached the speed of the price and there is no significant difference between them.
In addition to the processor from Intel, AMD is currently also trying to enter the land business server with AMD processors launched AthlonMP. This product is enough to get a positive response from the market because it has a very good performance and an affordable price. AMD processors have the performance that aligns with the Intel processor production, even superior in applications that require computing-point threshold.
Issues on the sloping problems on the compatibility of AMD processors are no longer only for that familiar with Intel processors, heat generated by the AMD processor made it quite surprising. In the implementation of the many things that ideal. However, limited funds can bring a lot of alternatives. You can build a server and a good match, even with the Celeron processor configuration or AMD Duron.
Stability
If the brain is a computer processor, the motherboard is the home of nerve and the brain. Features a motherboard depending on the type of chip that is used. The chipset can be considered as the heart of a computer.
Some type of motherboard can use two or more processors. In this system, as we call Multiprocessing. In addition to speed, Multiprocessing also offers advantages in multithread computing, especially in the environment that run several applications simultaneously.
Latest chipset technology has delivered many motherboard models that are designed specifically for the needs of the server. Multiprosesor chipset that it usually comes from Intel or ServerWorks. AMD company has its own type of 760MP chip devoted to the application server multiprosesor.
To build a small server, a variety of motherboards based Intel and VIA chipsets have enough on. Options are the leading brand motherboards because usually have better stability, and for that you may have to pay a price that is more expensive.
Some type of motherboard can use two or more processors. In this system, as we call Multiprocessing. In addition to speed, Multiprocessing also offers advantages in multithread computing, especially in the environment that run several applications simultaneously.
Latest chipset technology has delivered many motherboard models that are designed specifically for the needs of the server. Multiprosesor chipset that it usually comes from Intel or ServerWorks. AMD company has its own type of 760MP chip devoted to the application server multiprosesor.
To build a small server, a variety of motherboards based Intel and VIA chipsets have enough on. Options are the leading brand motherboards because usually have better stability, and for that you may have to pay a price that is more expensive.
Fault Tolerance
Ideally have a server error tolerance ability to anticipate the failure of the system. If we talk about the most valuable from the server, then it is the data stored in the server. Here we will find a technique called RAID. Generally, the RAID configuration on the server is RAID 1, 0 +1.
The term RAID 1 is often also called mirroring, because they have a way of working with the same glass, in which all the main contents of the hard drive will be duplicated to the hard disk backup. If there are problems on the main hard drive, the hard disk backup otamatis will replace the functions of the main hard drive. RAID-0 stripping does not have the ability fault tolerance, the configuration data is distributed to two or more hard disks with the purpose of obtaining access time read and write more quickly. If one of your damaged hard drive, then you will lose all your data.
In the storage media, we will be faced with two options, namely the IDE and SCSI. Generally, the application server, the SCSI standard that is used because it has the speed and reliability better than the IDE. However, the expensive SCSI-based devices that create an alternative to an IDE hard drive also found many. If funds allow, always consider the use of the features RAID fault-tolerance for data security.
One of the things that many found as the cause of instability is the computer memory. To avoid this problem should use the memory with brands that have a reputation and it is not looking for a cheap alternative. The server must have a memory capacity of fault-tolerance, which is usually called the ECC. In server applications, there is no better, other than have a great memory.
ECC word itself is an abbreviation of Error Checking and Correction. In addition to the term ECC, often also found the term registered or buffered memory. Memories are registered have the type of SRAM cache for high speed data access time that will be sent to the processor. Features registered this is very important in the large memory capacity (above 512 MB), because generally have access to a time slower than smaller memory capacity. We can mengibaratkan this function SRAM cache as Power Steering on a truck that has a large tire.
Same as the storage media, on the application ration power (power supply), there are also fault-tolerance capability. Power is called redudant power supply and usually consists of separate modules. Generally, we find a 2 +1 configuration and 3 +1. For example, 2 +1 in redudant power supply 400 watt module has three ration power 200 watts, where one module is for backup if one of the two main module failed.
In our countries, the quality of electricity is very bad, so to protect the server should use a UPS (Uniterruptible Power Supply). The poor quality of electricity can cause a system failure, age component is not long, and not rarely cause damage-fatal damage.
The term RAID 1 is often also called mirroring, because they have a way of working with the same glass, in which all the main contents of the hard drive will be duplicated to the hard disk backup. If there are problems on the main hard drive, the hard disk backup otamatis will replace the functions of the main hard drive. RAID-0 stripping does not have the ability fault tolerance, the configuration data is distributed to two or more hard disks with the purpose of obtaining access time read and write more quickly. If one of your damaged hard drive, then you will lose all your data.
In the storage media, we will be faced with two options, namely the IDE and SCSI. Generally, the application server, the SCSI standard that is used because it has the speed and reliability better than the IDE. However, the expensive SCSI-based devices that create an alternative to an IDE hard drive also found many. If funds allow, always consider the use of the features RAID fault-tolerance for data security.
One of the things that many found as the cause of instability is the computer memory. To avoid this problem should use the memory with brands that have a reputation and it is not looking for a cheap alternative. The server must have a memory capacity of fault-tolerance, which is usually called the ECC. In server applications, there is no better, other than have a great memory.
ECC word itself is an abbreviation of Error Checking and Correction. In addition to the term ECC, often also found the term registered or buffered memory. Memories are registered have the type of SRAM cache for high speed data access time that will be sent to the processor. Features registered this is very important in the large memory capacity (above 512 MB), because generally have access to a time slower than smaller memory capacity. We can mengibaratkan this function SRAM cache as Power Steering on a truck that has a large tire.
Same as the storage media, on the application ration power (power supply), there are also fault-tolerance capability. Power is called redudant power supply and usually consists of separate modules. Generally, we find a 2 +1 configuration and 3 +1. For example, 2 +1 in redudant power supply 400 watt module has three ration power 200 watts, where one module is for backup if one of the two main module failed.
In our countries, the quality of electricity is very bad, so to protect the server should use a UPS (Uniterruptible Power Supply). The poor quality of electricity can cause a system failure, age component is not long, and not rarely cause damage-fatal damage.
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